Japan Plans Restrictions on Digital Textbooks in Schools

Japan intends to impose limitations on digital-only textbooks for students in elementary school, according to draft education guidelines released by the government. The proposed restrictions would apply to pupils in the fourth grade and younger, effectively banning digital-only textbooks for this age group. For students in the fifth grade and above, digital-only textbooks would be permitted, with a particular emphasis on subjects like English and practical disciplines such as music and art.

The ministry's guidelines maintain that paper-based learning will continue to be the primary medium as new textbook formats are introduced starting in 2030. The ministry's proposals favor textbooks that integrate both print and digital elements across all grades and subjects, utilizing digital content to complement lessons. Younger children would be provided with a more restricted selection of digital materials than older students.

The approach is informed by concerns raised by experts regarding the potential impact of digital learning on children whose cognitive abilities are still developing. The draft guidelines also underscore the importance of handwriting skills and advocate for dedicated time during classes for writing activities. Authorities will monitor the effects of digital textbooks on academic performance and students' health, including vision.

The guidelines are flexible and open to adjustments based on evidence gathered from schools. Legislative amendments adopted in June established three types of textbook formats: paper-only, digital-only, and hybrid. The ministry plans to solicit public feedback before finalizing its guidelines by the end of the year. These new formats are set to be implemented in elementary schools in 2030, junior high schools in 2031, and high schools in 2032.