Can Kenya preserve the democratic space Raila Odinga fought for?

One year after Raila Odinga's passing, the former Kenyan prime minister continues to hold a prominent position in the nation's political landscape. For many, he represents the fight for multiparty democracy and constitutional reforms in Kenya. However, his later political alliances invite discussions about compromise and the direction of the movement he nurtured. As Kenya commemorates the first anniversary of his death on October 15, 2026, the question arises: can the principles he championed endure beyond him?

Twenty-year-old Nairobi resident Beatrice Chebet reflects on the values she believes should define Odinga's legacy. She emphasizes the country's need to remain grounded in peace, democracy, constitutionalism, and the rule of law. Younger generations must carry these aspirations forward, she asserts. Odinga's political journey became an integral part of Kenya's history, particularly for younger Kenyans who knew no other form of multiparty system.

Odinga's influence was molded by years of opposition politics, detentions, and campaigns for democratic change. His involvement in the disputed 2007 presidential election put him at the heart of one of Kenya's most significant political crises. The post-election violence claimed over 1,100 lives and displaced hundreds of thousands.

A power-sharing agreement brokered with international mediation led by former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan made Odinga prime minister in a coalition government with President Mwai Kibaki. This settlement also inaugurated a reform agenda, including constitutional change.

Security expert Byron Adera highlights that Odinga's impact extended beyond electoral politics. He describes Odinga as an institution that "rocked institutions," driving lasting and impactful institutional reforms for Kenya's betterment. Adera particularly emphasizes constitutional reform and efforts to reconcile competing political interests as vital components of Odinga's legacy.

However, reconciliation has been one of the most contentious aspects of Odinga's career. His "handshakes" with former rivals, such as President Mwai Kibaki in 2008 and President Uhuru Kenyatta in 2018, followed by cooperation with President William Ruto in 2024, illustrate his willingness to engage with former adversaries. While supporters view dialogue as a means to reduce tensions and advance national interests, critics question the implications of such arrangements for an independent opposition.

Former Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua has vehemently criticized the political rapprochement between President Ruto and the late Odinga, describing it as "nonsense" and arguing that it has weakened Kenya's democracy by undermining the opposition's ability to hold the government accountable.

The debate surrounding Odinga's legacy is particularly relevant within the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM), the party he founded and led for many years. Edwin Sifuna, a potential presidential candidate in the 2027 election and close associate of Odinga, acknowledges that the party's identity and purpose have shifted significantly.

He expresses concern that the party risks losing its core support, which was traditionally composed of people who believed in the ideals of ODM. Sifuna emphasizes the importance of Odinga's influence on national politics and public discourse, noting that his absence is keenly felt by many.

Winnie Odinga, Raila Odinga's daughter, has declared her intention to run for Senator of Nairobi County in the 2027 election, further highlighting the desire to keep the Odinga name in politics. For Chebet, Odinga's legacy will be judged by whether future generations continue to champion the principles associated with his political journey.

Security expert Adera underscores the enduring importance of institutional reform and building bridges as essential elements of Odinga's legacy. Their perspectives shed light on the tension inherent in Odinga's legacy: a leader celebrated for expanding democratic possibilities but whose political compromises remain contentious.

A year after his death, Odinga's influence remains evident in Kenya's political discourse, party divisions, and calls for democratic accountability. The ultimate test will be whether Kenya's institutions, political parties, and younger generation can maintain and uphold the principles Odinga helped establish and whether the democratic space he contributed to shaping will persist beyond the individual himself.