Sibanye-Stillwater explores AI and robotics to unlock ultra-deep mining in the Witwatersrand Basin

Sibanye-Stillwater, a Johannesburg-based multinational mining and metals processing group, is investigating the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cutting-edge robotics to access mineral reserves situated more than 3,000 meters beneath the surface of the Witwatersrand Basin. The company's chief executive, Richard Stewart, asserts that technology is essential to unlock these ultra-deep resources, which are currently inaccessible through human labor due to the extreme temperatures and technical challenges involved.

At 3,000 meters underground, rock temperatures reach approximately 50 degrees Celsius, making human labor impossible. Moreover, the challenges of supplying underground ventilation and managing rockfall risks render conventional human-led mining strategies unfeasible. Stewart emphasized during the Joburg Indaba conference that this shift is not about mechanization, but rather the rapid transformation brought about by robotics and AI.

While the company's current research remains theoretical, early findings are promising. Stewart revealed that these developments could lead to a significant shift in the mining sector's approach to ultra-deep resources. The broader mining industry's move towards automation aligns with a larger trend in South Africa's economy. Up to 90% of businesses in the country now utilize digital tools across their supply chain and distribution networks, according to Standard Chartered's 2026 Future of Trade report. These digital tools are being leveraged to address ongoing supply chain disruptions.

The report highlights that digital transformation is a strategic priority for 59% of surveyed executives, despite the global trading environment's complexity. As South African industries adopt digital tools, from supply chain management software to underground AI, they will be better positioned to scale operations and compete globally. Stewart's exploration of AI and robotics in ultra-deep mining is a testament to this trend and the potential it holds for transforming the industry.