Unsterilised tools used by “wanzamai” pose infection risk

Sharp shaving instruments used by traditional mobile barbers, known as "wanzamai" in Ghana, could potentially expose the public to health risks and infections, warns Dr Benard Morton, a medical doctor at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. Dr Morton highlighted that the repeated use of such tools on different individuals without proper sterilisation could lead to the spread of blood-borne infections such as hepatitis B and C, bacterial infections, and HIV, particularly in cases of skin cuts.

Investigations by The Ghanaian Times in various locations across Accra, including markets, beaches, drinking pubs, and some communities, revealed that practitioners were offering services like bald haircuts (sakora), circumcision, nail cutting, and traditional healing procedures using sharp shaving instruments. These instruments were often accompanied by soap, water, foam, and alcohol-based antiseptic solutions for cleaning and treating scalp cuts.

Some practitioners even used animal horns for traditional healing purposes. The observation noted that the "wanzamai" wetted customers' hair with water and soap before shaving, followed by rinsing with water, wiping with foam or cloth, and occasionally applying alcohol-based solutions to address any cuts. A practitioner, speaking anonymously, explained that the instruments were sharpened for a smooth shave and sometimes crafted by the "wanzamai" themselves, claiming they took hygiene seriously.

However, Dr Morton cautioned that washing instruments with water or wiping them with cloth, even using alcohol-based antiseptic, might not be sufficient to eliminate potential health risks. He stressed that blood and other bodily fluids could remain on sharp instruments even without visible contamination, creating a route for infection when used on another person.

Dr Morton called for a proper regulatory framework, backed by training in hygiene, sterilisation, and infection prevention, to allow practitioners to continue their work safely while protecting the health of clients. He also urged the public to be cautious when patronising such services and ensure that the equipment are properly sterilised.