Blood test could help avoid rise in mixed prescriptions for the elderly

A groundbreaking blood test could prevent the rise of polypharmacy among elderly patients who take multiple medications daily. Polypharmacy, involving at least five different drugs to manage various health issues, is increasing among older Emirati adults, who often use non-prescribed medicines and supplements. A study conducted by the Ras Al Khaimah College of Nursing revealed that 60% of the 200 surveyed patients over 60 took at least five distinct medications, with 40% consuming ten or more.

Several medications, such as anticholinergics used to treat psychiatric disorders, bladder and stomach problems, or lung conditions, pose a significant risk when combined, raising the likelihood of dementia. Furthermore, as more medications accumulate and interact, the body reacts differently than when the drug is taken alone.

Dr Arya Ayyappan, a specialist in internal medicine at NMC Royal Hospital Abu Dhabi, emphasized that polypharmacy is a significant issue for seniors, especially those with diabetes, hypertension, or cardiac issues. As the global population ages, the number of people aged 60 and over is projected to nearly double by 2050, accounting for 22% of the world's population.

Dr Yasmeen Ajaz, a consultant endocrinologist at Medcare Al Safa, noted that problems arise when the overall combination becomes challenging to manage, medications are duplicated, or the risks and side effects outweigh the benefits. Regular medication reviews are crucial for older adults and those taking multiple long-term medicines to minimize drug interactions, dosing errors, and unwanted side effects.

The answer may not lie in reducing the number of medications but ensuring each one is appropriate, necessary, and monitored. A £3 million ($3.9 million) UK research program funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) aims to explore how genetic information could be integrated into routine prescription. The research hopes to prevent adverse effects such as dizziness, nausea, or more severe issues that become dangerous for the elderly and lead to fall-related fractures.

Zenia Noronha, a pharmacist living in Dubai, shared her experience with her 85-year-old mother, Margaret d’Souza, who was prescribed several medications. Despite her mother's existing treatments for diabetes and blood pressure, the doctor quickly prescribed an asthma inhaler for a minor cough and cold, leading to anxiety and illness before a family trip to Canada.

Regular reviews of prescribed medications are essential to avoid unnecessary complications. Technology, such as Malaffi, an area's first Health Information Exchange platform, helps doctors avoid prescribing medicine with negative interactions by securely sharing patient records across public and private healthcare providers in Abu Dhabi.