The invisible work of South Africa’s special-school teachers

It is early morning at a special school in South Africa. A teacher has already set up her classroom, preparing for the arrival of her eight learners. Some have come without breakfast, while others have experienced health issues such as seizures or meltdowns en route to school. By the time the school register is taken, this teacher has already taken on multiple roles: planner, carer, nurse, counsellor and negotiator.

Today, October 5 marks World Teachers’ Day, an occasion to celebrate teachers, and specifically the 60-year history of the 1966 ILO/UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers. This year's theme, "Standing with teachers: 60 years of protecting the profession, advancing its status and shaping our futures," highlights the invaluable contributions of teachers – including those in special schools – who often perform beyond their core duties.

Teachers in special schools face a unique set of challenges. They adapt lessons to meet diverse needs, provide physical care, engage in emotional support, and liaise with families. This work is not captured in lesson plans or workload assessments, yet it is essential to the functioning of the school. Teachers in these settings absorb the emotional toll without adequate recognition or support, leading to exhaustion, illness, and eventual departure from the profession.

Despite the difficulties, many teachers remain in their roles due to a deep connection with their students and schools. These schools offer a nurturing environment where children flourish, and teachers form strong bonds with colleagues. This attachment fuels their dedication, but it also means they are often expected to shoulder additional responsibilities without proper compensation or resources.

South Africa has committed to inclusive education, yet many mainstream teachers struggle to support learners with varying needs due to insufficient preparation. Meanwhile, special school teachers have honed their skills over years of experience and provide crucial professional expertise. Their knowledge is essential for the entire education system, but they are often treated as a separate entity rather than integral to the broader educational framework.

On this Teachers’ Day, it is crucial to acknowledge that teaching in special schools is not merely a job but an all-encompassing commitment. It requires a well of emotional strength, patience, and warmth that teachers continuously replenish. To honor these educators, the education system must recognize and provide adequate support.

This includes counting care as work, implementing workload models that reflect the additional responsibilities, offering proper support such as therapists and class assistants, and creating spaces for teachers to debrief and recover. Additionally, special school teachers should be recognized as experts and involved in teacher education, district training, and policy discussions.

Their contributions deserve to be celebrated and valued, ensuring they can continue to make a meaningful difference in the lives of children with special needs. Happy Teachers’ Day.