POVERTY, POLITICS AND THE 2027 ELECTIONS

As Nigeria prepares for the 2027 general elections, the pressing political discourse ought to transcend personalities, alliances and the machinations of political elites. Rather, it should center on the economic plight of Nigerians, encompassing poverty, food insecurity, unemployment, poor public services, and a surging cost of living.

According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) 2022 Multidimensional Poverty Index, 133 million Nigerians—63% of the populace—suffer from multidimensional poverty. Rural areas bear the brunt of this challenge, with 72% of its residents impoverished compared to 42% in urban centers.

Turning to the political parties running in 2027, it's crucial to examine what each party is proposing to address this dire economic situation. The ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) boasts a reform agenda, having implemented measures such as ending fuel subsidies, adjusting exchange rates, boosting revenue collection, and fostering investment and production.

However, the efficacy of these policies in improving the lives of ordinary Nigerians remains to be seen, as macroeconomic reforms must translate into tangible benefits for the average household.

The African Democratic Congress (ADC) stands out by advocating a production-driven economy and a living-wage approach. While commendable, the ADC must address key questions: How much will their programme cost, where will the funding come from, which institutions will implement it, what are the targets, and how swiftly can Nigerians expect to witness improvements?

The Labour Party (LP) has a rich history and recently secured a significant electoral victory in 2023. Its platform continues to stress human capital, social welfare, institutional reform, and a people-centric governance approach. Yet, the LP must convert broad principles into a detailed, costed, and actionable policy plan to combat multifaceted poverty.

In a similar vein, the Social Democratic Party (SDP) has boldly titled its 2027 presidential policy program "Farewell to Poverty and Insecurity." The document outlines twelve presidential missions, including security, innovation, transparency in governance, cooperative federalism, and accountability. Additionally, the SDP proposes public performance dashboards and heightened transparency in government finances and procurement.

The National Democratic Convention (NDC) frames its campaign around economic hardship and the imperative for better governance. It faces the challenge of turning its promises into concrete actions regarding employment, food security, social protection, and enhanced living standards.

Even smaller parties, such as the Peoples Redemption Party (PRP), the Allied Peoples Movement (APM), and others, have policy proposals that shouldn't be dismissed solely due to their size. However, the presence of multiple parties prompts a broader inquiry: Do Nigerians choose parties based on clearly distinct policy agendas or primarily on personalities, ethnic and regional affiliations, political alliances, and electoral structures?

This inquiry gains urgency when considering the youth demographic. A 2023 study by the Westminster Foundation for Democracy revealed substantial deficiencies in youth inclusion within many political parties, despite the acknowledged importance of youth involvement. Thus, addressing poverty is inextricably linked to engaging and empowering the youth.