Editorial: Can Japan science council secure independence, prove worth after incorporation?

The Science Council of Japan (SCJ) recently underwent a transformation from a special national institution to a special corporation. This shift in structure aimed to protect the council's independence and academic freedom. Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga's decision to reject the appointment of six scholars in 2020 as new members of the council was seen as a threat to the SCJ's autonomy.

Despite this, the government has not clarified the reason behind the refusal, which has led to ongoing debates. The SCJ now consists of 230 members, with 105 still serving from previous terms. While the council is technically independent from the government and Prime Minister, concerns persist about potential government interference.

The SCJ introduced a system for monitoring its activities, including auditors and an evaluation committee, with appointments made by the prime minister. The SCJ's stance on military research has also contributed to strained relations with the government. The council's critical position on government security legislation sparked opposition from the ruling Liberal Democratic Party.

Critics argue that the government's promotion of dual-use technology, such as artificial intelligence and quantum technology, could be better served by an independent SCJ. The SCJ's historical backing in advocating for independence, stemming from its reflection on World War II's militarized scientific research, should not be overlooked.

As the world grapples with pressing challenges like climate change and infectious diseases, the SCJ's ability to provide independent scientific recommendations is crucial. Even if the council's recommendations do not align with government intentions, it must not shy away from expressing its scientific viewpoints. The success of Japan as a science and technology leader depends on fostering an academic environment that embraces diverse opinions and counterarguments.