Host genetics determines the fate of the Lactobacillaceae population in the small intestine
Whereas innate pattern recognition receptors bind evolutionary conserved moieties shared by diverse groups of microbes, control over closely related microorganisms is likely based on different principles and can be sensitive to genetic variation of the host. While the influence of host genetics on intestinal microbiome composition has been growing in appreciation, understanding of polymorphic…
Recent research has revealed that genetic differences between individuals can significantly impact the colonization of specific bacterial populations within the small intestine. A study using gnotobiotic mice, which are housed in sterile environments, has shown that mice of the C57BL/6J (B6) strain exhibit a higher abundance of the bacterial lineage Ligilactobacillus murinus (ASF361) compared to BALB/cJ (BALB/c) mice.
This difference in ASF361 abundance is not influenced by the host's immune response or bactericidal factors. In B6 mice, ASF361 bacteria predominantly occupy the ileal crypts, display higher expression of adhesion-related molecules, and demonstrate enriched expression of carbohydrate-metabolism pathways. Conversely, in BALB/c mice, ASF361 bacteria remain primarily in the luminal region and express genes associated with starvation and stress.
These findings emphasize the crucial role of host genetic variation in determining microbial colonization patterns and suggest that such variations should be taken into account when considering the use of probiotic strains and microbiota transplantation.
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