Ibuprofen, decongestants, and antacids: Everyday medicines people with high blood pressure should avoid

Individuals with high blood pressure must adhere to their prescribed medications, but it is equally important to be aware of substances that could interfere with their blood pressure control. Certain over-the-counter medicines and supplements can raise blood pressure or diminish the effectiveness of prescribed treatments. It is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before initiating any new routine.

Dr. Sanjeev Chaudhary, a Cardiology specialist at Marengo Asia Hospitals, Gurugram, outlines several types of medications to watch out for. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, and naproxen, can cause fluid retention and elevate blood pressure if used frequently. People with hypertension should refrain from taking these medications regularly without medical advice.

Some cold and flu remedies, particularly those containing decongestants with pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine, can also increase blood pressure and heart rate. Additionally, specific steroids, hormonal medications, and certain psychiatric medications may impact blood pressure levels. Even seemingly harmless medicines can play a role; excessive use of antacids containing sodium may contribute to sodium intake.

Herbal supplements and products containing stimulants are not inherently safe for individuals with hypertension. Dr. Sanjeev warns that natural products, such as those containing liquorice (mulethi), ginseng, or ephedra, and some energy or weight-loss supplements, can potentially raise blood pressure or interfere with cardiovascular medications. High doses of caffeine and stimulant-containing pre-workout supplements can also lead to temporary spikes in blood pressure.

Moreover, high-salt effervescent tablets and supplements should be approached with caution, especially in people with hypertension, heart failure, or kidney disease. The most prudent action, according to Dr. Sanjeev, is to consult a doctor or pharmacist before starting any new medicine, supplement, herbal preparation, or over-the-counter product.

It is essential not to discontinue prescribed blood pressure medication without medical guidance. Maintaining optimal blood pressure control hinges on both taking the appropriate medication and avoiding substances that subtly undermine its effectiveness.