Venezuela’s historic oil deal with the US reignites environmental, human rights concerns

In late August, the United States announced a landmark oil deal granting it access to over 65 billion barrels of Venezuela's proven reserves, with potential investments amounting to $100 billion in new energy infrastructure. This arrangement, touted as a means to solidify U.S. "energy dominance," has sparked concerns over the environmental repercussions and transparent nature of the agreement.

Environmental groups have raised alarms about the potential climate impact, the lack of openness, and the possible environmental hazards associated with fossil fuels. Provea, a Venezuelan human rights organization, and Clima21, an environmental non-governmental organization, emphasized in a joint statement, "Economic recovery cannot come at the expense of human rights relating to the environment.

No economic interest takes precedence over the constitutional and internationally recognized right to a healthy, safe, and sustainable environment."

The deal is facilitated through North American Blue Energy Partners (NABEP), the second-largest Venezuelan oil producer, which holds "100-year concessions for 17 oil fields," according to U.S. authorities. The U.S. holds a "35% equity stake" in NABEP and can acquire 20% of its production, with a right of first refusal for the remaining 80% over a 25-year period.

This move is part of the U.S.'s strategy to bolster its presence in Venezuela after a January military intervention to oust President Nicolás Maduro, who has faced accusations of narco-terrorism and cocaine trafficking.

U.S. officials have conducted multiple visits to Venezuela throughout 2026 to explore investment opportunities, primarily in the oil and gas sectors. Venezuela possesses one...