New peanut genome map uncovers hidden gene, boosts dense-planting yields 20%

An international research team, including Murdoch University's Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, has developed the most detailed genetic map of the peanut to date. This map enabled the scientists to discover two crucial genes that control plant height and pod formation. By resequencing 2,320 peanut varieties from 87 countries and regions, the team identified a gene that, when silenced, resulted in dwarf plants.

When crossed with a high-yielding Chinese peanut variety, this dwarf trait led to a 20% increase in yield when the plants were grown densely. Professor Rajeev Varshney, the lead researcher from Murdoch University, emphasized that developing dwarf peanut varieties is as transformative as the development of dwarf wheat and rice during the Green Revolution, as compact plants can be planted closer together, increasing yields and reducing harvesting costs.

This research holds particular significance for smallholder farmers in Africa and Asia, where improved yields can contribute to greater food security.