New attacks in Hormuz and Saudi test nerves as war’s spread worsens oil disruption

In the past two weeks, the war in the Middle East has escalated, with attacks on Saudi Arabia and ships in the Gulf causing concerns over global energy supplies. An attack on a Saudi oil pipeline, coupled with Yemen's Houthis' advance, has jeopardized supplies from the world's largest exporter, Saudi Arabia. British maritime security agency UKMTO reported a vessel strike in the Strait of Hormuz, leading to a fire and evacuation of the crew.

Iran confirmed one death and four injuries among its crew after an Iranian commercial vessel was hit off its coast. Riyadh released video of damage caused by a purported Houthi attack in Jazan province, while the Houthis claimed the strike on a Saudi military base in another province. Southern Saudi cities have experienced regular alerts and drone strikes in recent days, threatening the 1,200-km pipeline across the Arabian Peninsula, which serves as the main route for global supplies of Middle East oil.

Saudi Arabia reportedly has only enough oil stored at its Red Sea port of Yanbu to maintain exports for five to seven days if the pipeline remains shut. The pipeline damage extent and repair duration remain uncertain, with estimates ranging from days to weeks. The war's escalation has led to a surge in oil prices above US$100 per barrel and diesel fuel prices in the US hitting a record high of over US$6.20 per gallon.

The US has not achieved President Trump's objectives in the war, and the Houthi advances in Yemen present a new challenge for Washington, which must balance supporting Saudi allies and protecting shipping while avoiding direct conflict.