‘A huge learning curve’: apprentices on the benefits and pitfalls of vocational training

The crisis of youth unemployment in the UK, with nearly a million young people not in education, employment or training (Neet), has highlighted the importance of technical and vocational training. The government aims to increase focus on such learning from the age of 14 and create thousands more apprenticeships. The National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) found that certain groups, such as black and mixed-ethnicity learners from poorer backgrounds and those for whom English is an additional language, are less likely to complete their apprenticeships. This report explores the experiences of apprentices, both positive and negative.

Ellen, a 24-year-old from Worcester, opted for an apprenticeship over university. Despite facing numerous rejections, she secured a three-year apprenticeship at a mechanical, electrical and plumbing consultancy. Her program included a day a week of college studies for a higher national certificate (HNC). The combination of work, study, and coursework proved challenging, requiring extra help from her teachers.

Although she passed with a BTec level 4 HNC and CIBSE Licentiate certification, balancing her job, studies, and social life was difficult, especially as most of her friends were attending university elsewhere. The lack of female role models in her field also posed a challenge. However, her apprenticeship ultimately led to a role in fire sprinkler design, where her construction qualification and industry experience put her ahead of her degree-educated colleagues.

Harry, a 26-year-old machinist from Billingshurst, West Sussex, initially considered university but abandoned the idea due to financial concerns and a lack of mental strength for full-time education. He took a gap year working in France before entering an apprenticeship, which lasted four years, including a day a week of study. While he gained an engineering technician (machinist) level 3 qualification, he decided to seek a better-paid job after completion.

Despite his positive experience, Harry expresses gratitude for having a job, as many university graduates struggle to find employment.

Hannah, a 30-year-old metalworker from south-west England, also found her apprenticeship beneficial. However, she witnessed others struggle and drop out due to insufficient support. While her apprenticeship opened doors and helped her overcome periods of unemployment and low self-confidence, she noted shortcomings in the course material and delivery, as well as disengagement among her peers.

Hannah, who left school at 14, emphasizes the need for additional guidance and support to help others complete their apprenticeships successfully. While she approves of the government's plans to promote technical learning and apprenticeships, she urges further attention to ensuring all participants have the necessary resources and encouragement.