Reserchers confirm cost-effectiveness of mass hepatitis C virus screening among persons in custody in Hong Kong

A recent study by the University of Hong Kong (HKUMed) has confirmed that mass hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening among persons in custody (PICs) is a cost-effective strategy. This approach enables early identification and treatment of infected individuals, providing measurable health benefits. HCV infection can lead to serious health issues such as cirrhosis, liver cancer, and death.

In Hong Kong, HCV-related mortality has been rising over the past decade, with only 36% of people living with HCV diagnosed and 20% receiving treatment as of 2024. The Correctional Services Department, in collaboration with HKUMed, conducted a pilot study in 2023 to assess the prevalence and feasibility of implementing HCV screening among PICs.

The pilot study found a HCV prevalence of 4.1% among PICs, significantly higher than the 0.3% prevalence in the general population. The study also demonstrated a 100% success rate in linking individuals to care and eradicating the virus through treatment. By simulating a cohort of 10,000 PICs, researchers conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of HCV screening and treatment strategies compared to a no-screening scenario.

The results showed that one-time universal screening among current and newly admitted PICs was highly cost-effective and offered health benefits. This includes shifting resources from managing complications to early diagnosis and treatment, with teleconsultation proving a cost-efficient and scalable model for specialist care. The study emphasizes the importance of systematic and targeted HCV screening in correctional settings, particularly in areas with moderate to high HCV prevalence and adequate healthcare resources.

Implementing such programs can significantly improve public health outcomes and contribute to the global goal of eliminating viral hepatitis by 2030.