From E coli to amenity gaps: What CAG found beyond the railway makeover

Indian Railways is undergoing one of its most significant modernization efforts, with the government pouring record capital into station upgrades, new train systems, electrification, and railway infrastructure. However, a recent audit by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) reveals that gaps persist in essential passenger amenities at non-suburban railway stations.

Of the 512 stations examined, 458 had deficiencies in one or more basic amenities, including water contamination by E. coli at eight stations.The audit, highlighted in CAG Report No. 31 of 2026, underscores that while grand redevelopment plans are a part of railway modernization, the availability and functionality of everyday passenger amenities remain critical.

The focus on infrastructure development, such as new lines, electrification, and station renovations, often overshadows the importance of maintaining basic services like clean toilets, water supplies, and seating areas. The audit highlights that the essence of railway modernization lies not only in building new assets but also in ensuring their continuous upkeep and reliability.The findings emphasize that ensuring consistent access to essential amenities is fundamental, as passengers, including workers, students, migrants, families, and small traders, rely on these services for their daily journeys.

The audit's focus on water quality and the subsequent response from Indian Railways, which has initiated a cleaning and disinfection drive for drinking-water tanks and filters, illustrates the broader challenge of maintaining the infrastructure that passengers depend on daily. The audit reveals that modernization is about more than just constructing new facilities; it is about maintaining their functionality and safety over time.