Chronic illness raises dengue risk

Malaysia reported 56,752 dengue cases this year as of August 13, with 49 fatalities. Health authorities link the surge to dengue's recurring nature and the emergence of DENV-3, the dominant virus strain nationwide. Individuals with chronic health issues may experience heightened dengue risk if infected. A study in northern Vietnam revealed that chronically ill adults hospitalized for dengue had roughly double the odds of experiencing severe cases compared to those without pre-existing conditions.

Another Brazilian study found that among hospitalised dengue patients aged 9 to 45, those with certain underlying health issues faced an 11-fold increased risk of death.

Dengue symptoms often start with fever, body aches, and fatigue. However, complications may arise as the fever subsides, manifesting as persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, bleeding, breathing difficulties, weakness, lethargy, confusion, poor appetite, or sudden deterioration. Emergency physician Dr Ganasan Chelladurai warns that older adults with obesity and diabetes are most affected. He notes that fever can disappear before complications begin, making prompt medical attention crucial.

Chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, heart or kidney disease, and obesity are linked to a higher risk of severe dengue, although the risk varies between conditions and individuals. While not everyone with a chronic condition will develop severe dengue, those with underlying health issues should consult a medical professional early and may require closer monitoring.

Despite DENV-3's potential for more severe illness due to population immunity, everyone remains susceptible to the virus and should continue taking preventive measures. Removing stagnant water, covering water containers, using repellents, wearing protective clothing, and participating in neighbourhood clean-ups are still vital in combating dengue.