Zaria conversations on improving security and national unity

In a recent series of conversations focused on enhancing security and fostering national unity, the challenges facing Nigeria and West Africa were thoroughly discussed. The Nigerian State is currently grappling with a three-dimensional crisis, with significant ramifications for the political economy, citizenship, and democratic aspirations.

Public corruption has led to a drain on national and state resources, while ethno-regionalism, militant activities, and conflict between farmers and herders have further exacerbated tensions. This has resulted in a deep-seated mistrust between citizens and the state, with many Nigerians feeling disconnected and marginalized.

General Abdulsalami Abubakar, Chairman of the National Peace Committee, highlighted the alarming number of firearms circulating in private hands, with an estimated six million weapons in circulation across the country. This widespread weapon possession has fueled a climate of fear and lawlessness, with ordinary Nigerians perceiving law enforcement agents as threats rather than protectors.

The existing legal framework, deeply rooted in colonial-era laws, has further contributed to the erosion of trust in the justice system, where money and political influence often override the principles of justice.

To address these multifaceted issues, several benchmarks were proposed. First, a concerted effort is needed to prevent the escalation towards anarchy. Second, there is an urgent need to shift security provisioning away from a state-centric approach, recognizing the need for a more inclusive and participatory model. Third, the rule of law must be reinforced and respected, ensuring that citizens are treated fairly and justly.

Fourth, a collective approach to contesting the marginalization of the populace is essential, rather than a divisive and sectional one. Fifth, true federalism must be embraced, moving beyond mere lip service and power-sharing to ensure genuine interdependence among regions. Sixth, a comprehensive and mutually beneficial policy framework is required to resolve the longstanding farmer-herder crisis, acknowledging the complex interplay of cultural, economic, and political factors at play.

Lastly, a nuanced approach and timeline for addressing the pastoralists-farmers conflict is crucial, recognizing the need for a transitional period to establish new systems that benefit both parties.