THE CONVERSATION: Five hidden pitfalls of fitness tracking

Fitness trackers can assist in promoting a healthier lifestyle, but several hidden risks may negatively impact health and exercise habits. While they offer benefits such as motivation, pattern recognition, and the realization that exercise doesn't always need to occur in a gym, tracking devices also shape behavior. Prompts, defaults, streaks, badges, and automated feedback not only record behavior but also influence it.

Studies have shown that tracking can lead to increased activity for some individuals. However, there are growing reports of anxiety, shame, and disordered eating among those who closely monitor their fitness. Consequently, questions arise regarding the prevalence of these negative consequences and the reasons behind them, which is a topic I have studied for the past decade. Below are five reasons why fitness tracking can become harmful.

1. The fixation on steps: The popular 10,000-step target originates from a 1960s Japanese pedometer marketing slogan and lacks scientific validity as a universal benchmark. Although researchers debate the optimal number, some suggest around 7,000 steps as a more sensible and advantageous target for many adults. However, 10,000 steps is commonly perceived as an indicator of good health.

The issue arises because a one-size-fits-all target cannot accommodate everyone's unique needs. Additionally, trackers may inaccurately measure non-step activities like cycling, swimming, or strength training, which can undervalue these forms of exercise and downplay their importance.