‘Look at his arms. He’s hot’: How looks impact politics

The significance of physical appearance in politics has been recognized since ancient times, with Plato noting that hairstyles, clothing, and overall appearance contribute to a state's foundation. In modern times, the impact of looks on political success has been observed in various examples. Abraham Lincoln, often labeled as "ugly" by the press, was still able to run for election and achieve a lasting political legacy.

With the advent of television debates, Richard Nixon faced a disadvantage as his performance was judged on visual media, while those who listened to the debate on the radio thought he was more successful.

The role of physical appearance in politics is especially pronounced in today's audiovisual societies, where image plays a significant role in influencing voters. For instance, former Spanish prime minister Mariano Rajoy faced pressure to change his appearance, but ultimately responded that he was satisfied with his physical features.

Some have even suggested that the physical attractiveness of candidates, such as Michigan's Democratic candidate for senator Abdul El-Sayed, can contribute to their political appeal. While some argue that physical attractiveness alone should not determine a candidate's qualifications, others emphasize the importance of charisma and magnetism in connecting with voters.

The halo effect, a psychological phenomenon, suggests that attractive individuals are often perceived as possessing other positive qualities such as intelligence, leadership, and competence.

As societies become more diverse, the traditional canon of political aesthetics has expanded, reflecting changing social norms. Politicians today must navigate a variety of representations and identities in order to resonate with a broader range of constituents. The growing influence of social media has also altered the way voters perceive and respond to candidates, allowing for a more inclusive range of physical appearances to be considered attractive.

Political scientists like Ignacio Martín Granados have highlighted the importance of leadership and credibility in maintaining support, even if first impressions are heavily influenced by appearance. In times of increased anti-immigration sentiment and conspiracy theories, the representation of politicians who reflect the diversity of their constituents can further strengthen democratic representation.