In Afghanistan, Growing Resistance Meets Fears of Pakistani Influence

Five years after the Taliban's return to power, Afghanistan is witnessing growing resistance movements that challenge the group's control. In Badakhshan, a new group called Sipahiyan-i-Mihan briefly took control of Yaftal-e Payeen district's center, but later withdrew. Other resistance groups have announced operations, including the Republic Front of Afghanistan, the Afghanistan United Front, and the National Resistance Front, led by Ahmad Massoud.

The National Resistance Front and the Taliban have clashed in Badakhshan's Zebak district, with both claiming gains and heavy casualties. Residents express concern about the militarization of their lives and the toll it takes on their ability to meet basic needs. The U.N. Development Program's 2026 assessment found that three in four Afghans cannot meet their basic needs, and more than 80 percent of households are in debt.

Amidst this resistance, suspicions arise about Pakistan's possible influence on the Afghan resistance movements. Pakistan has historically treated Afghanistan as a strategic territory rather than a sovereign neighbor, supporting the Taliban against previous governments. There are reports of Pakistan engaging with Afghan resistance groups, but no concrete evidence of direct involvement.

Some Afghans remain cautious, wary of Pakistan's potential attempts to weaken the post-Taliban government and maintain control over the country.