Naikan: The Japanese self-reflection method that may improve mental well-being

Naikan is a Japanese practice of structured self-reflection that has gained attention for its potential to enhance mental well-being. This approach, developed by Ishin Yoshimoto in the 1940s, focuses on three key questions: what one has received from others, what they have given in return, and what difficulties they may have caused.

By examining these aspects of their relationships, individuals are encouraged to cultivate gratitude, develop a sense of personal responsibility, and foster greater empathy. While the practice differs from mindfulness, positive thinking, or cognitive behavioral techniques, research suggests that it may strengthen gratitude, self-awareness, and relationships.

However, it is important to note that the evidence supporting these psychological benefits is still emerging. For individuals dealing with severe mental health issues, it is advisable to seek guidance from a professional who can help maintain a balanced perspective and prevent the practice from becoming self-critical.