Does Eating Less Protein Produce Healthier Aging and Metabolism?

A comprehensive study challenges the notion that more protein is always advantageous for health, according to a report by ABC News. Led by pathologist and biomedical researcher Dudley Lamming, the review, published in the journal Cell Press Blue, analyzed over 350 studies on humans, mice, insects, yeast, and other organisms.

The research indicates that consuming less protein, or specific amino acids that constitute protein, may activate biological processes associated with healthier aging and metabolism. Metabolism is the process by which the body converts food and drinks into energy. For adults already consuming adequate protein, additional intake may not provide significant benefits, while some studies suggest that reducing protein intake could promote healthier aging.

One hormone affected by reduced protein consumption is FGF21, which promotes energy expenditure and thermogenesis in adipose tissue. This process allows the body to burn fat as fuel instead of storing it. This could explain why some studies have linked lower-protein diets with reduced body fat, improved blood sugar control, and a healthier metabolism.

Reduced protein intake may also impact signals that instruct cells to grow, repair damage, or recycle old cell parts. These functions are crucial in the aging process. However, protein restriction is distinct from protein deficiency. The objective is not to starve the body of an essential nutrient, but rather to avoid unnecessary excess. The study suggests that avoiding excess protein consumption might benefit individuals who already consume sufficient protein.