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Allelic Diversity and Core Conservation of Type III Effectors Across Xanthomonads Causing Bacterial Spot of Pepper and Tomato

Bacterial spot of tomato and pepper (BST/P) is an economically devastating disease caused by four distinct Xanthomonas pathogens: X. euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria (Xe), X. euvesicatoria pv. perforans (Xp), X. hortorum pv. gardneri (Xg), and X. vesicatoria (Xv). A key component of virulence in these pathogens is the type III secretion system (T3SS), which delivers type III effector (T3E)…

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Transcriptome, glycome, and mucinome analysis reveal zinc is essential for the composition of mucus in the human goblet cell model HT-29-MTX

Scientific Reports, Published online: 11 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41598-026-66227-4 Transcriptome, glycome, and mucinome analysis reveal zinc is essential for the composition of mucus in the human…

  • Zinc deficiency impacts 1 billion globally, causing health issues
  • Zn deficiency alters HT-29-MTX GC transcriptome and mucin synthesis
  • MUC2 and MUC17 levels increase, complex N-glycans decrease in Zn-deficient GCs